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Tailoring sodium intercalation in graphite for high energy and power sodium ion batteries

Author

Listed:
  • Zheng-Long Xu

    (Seoul National University)

  • Gabin Yoon

    (Seoul National University)

  • Kyu-Young Park

    (Seoul National University)

  • Hyeokjun Park

    (Seoul National University)

  • Orapa Tamwattana

    (Seoul National University)

  • Sung Joo Kim

    (Seoul National University)

  • Won Mo Seong

    (Seoul National University)

  • Kisuk Kang

    (Seoul National University)

Abstract

Co-intercalation reactions make graphite as promising anodes for sodium ion batteries, however, the high redox potentials significantly lower the energy density. Herein, we investigate the factors that influence the co-intercalation potential of graphite and find that the tuning of the voltage as large as 0.38 V is achievable by adjusting the relative stability of ternary graphite intercalation compounds and the solvent activity in electrolytes. The feasibility of graphite anode in sodium ion batteries is confirmed in conjunction with Na1.5VPO4.8F0.7 cathodes by using the optimal electrolyte. The sodium ion battery delivers an improved voltage of 3.1 V, a high power density of 3863 W kg−1both electrodes, negligible temperature dependency of energy/power densities and an extremely low capacity fading rate of 0.007% per cycle over 1000 cycles, which are among the best thus far reported for sodium ion full cells, making it a competitive choice in large-scale energy storage systems.

Suggested Citation

  • Zheng-Long Xu & Gabin Yoon & Kyu-Young Park & Hyeokjun Park & Orapa Tamwattana & Sung Joo Kim & Won Mo Seong & Kisuk Kang, 2019. "Tailoring sodium intercalation in graphite for high energy and power sodium ion batteries," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 10(1), pages 1-10, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:10:y:2019:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-019-10551-z
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10551-z
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