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Would Smog Lead to Outflow of Labor Force? Empirical Evidence from China

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  • Ding Li
  • Yan Zhang
  • Shuang Ma

Abstract

This study examines the impact of air pollution on labor outflow and labor migration from the perspective of individual and regional heterogeneity in China. The empirical evidence shows that air pollution has a significant impact on labor outflow and labor with higher education levels, of male gender, and belonging to a younger cohort are more sensitive toward air pollution and hence more inclined to migrate. The labor force from cities and rural areas, as well as from eastern and central China, tends to migrate due to the negative impact of air pollution. The labor force in areas of north of the Huai River is more likely to migrate due to the severe air pollution caused mainly by heating systems in the winter.

Suggested Citation

  • Ding Li & Yan Zhang & Shuang Ma, 2017. "Would Smog Lead to Outflow of Labor Force? Empirical Evidence from China," Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 53(5), pages 1122-1134, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:mes:emfitr:v:53:y:2017:i:5:p:1122-1134
    DOI: 10.1080/1540496X.2017.1282858
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Jiří Balcar & Jan Šulák, 2021. "Urban environmental quality and out-migration intentions," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 66(3), pages 579-607, June.
    2. Xiangnan Feng & Shuang Ma & Lingling Wen & Yan Zhao, 2021. "Immediate effect of air pollution on labor mobility: empirical evidence from online résumé data," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 67(2), pages 483-512, October.
    3. Xiao Yu & Jianing Liang & Yanzhe Zhang, 2022. "Air Pollution and Settlement Intention: Evidence from the China Migrants Dynamic Survey," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(8), pages 1-16, April.
    4. Qian Zhou & Meng Shi & Qi Huang & Tao Shi, 2021. "Do Double-Edged Swords Cut Both Ways? The Role of Technology Innovation and Resource Consumption in Environmental Regulation and Economic Performance," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(24), pages 1-21, December.
    5. Yi Zhang & Tao Shi & Ai-Jun Wang & Qi Huang, 2022. "Air Pollution, Health Shocks and Labor Mobility," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-21, January.
    6. Komeda, Kenji, 2021. "Environmental Factors and Internal Migration in India," Warwick-Monash Economics Student Papers 20, Warwick Monash Economics Student Papers.
    7. Feiwei Shen & Qiang Wang & Jing Zou & Huili Yan & Baitao Wang, 2023. "Air Pollution and Migration Decision of Migrants in Low-Carbon Society," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(1), pages 1-18, January.
    8. Ying Tung Chan, 2019. "Optimal Environmental Tax Rate in an Open Economy with Labor Migration—An E-DSGE Model Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(19), pages 1-38, September.
    9. Hyunju Kang & Hyunduk Suh & Jongmin Yu, 2019. "Does Air Pollution Affect Consumption Behavior? Evidence from Korean Retail Sales," Asian Economic Journal, East Asian Economic Association, vol. 33(3), pages 235-251, September.

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