Community Resilience and Psychosocial Well-being in Contexts ofExclusion: Intervention Strategies from Social Work with a PsychologicalPerspective in Asian Indigenous Communities

Introduction: Indigenous communities in Asia face historical processes of social exclusion that affect theirpsychosocial well-being, but simultaneously develop community resilience mechanisms based on their worldviews and cultural practices. Objective: To analyze community resilience and psychosocial well-being in indigenous communities from three Asian countries (Japan, Taiwan, and India) facing contexts of social exclusion, and to propose intervention strategies from Social Work with a psychological perspective. Methodology: Comparative qualitative study with a phenomenological approach, based on 45 semi-structured interviews with community leaders, ancestral elders, and youth from the Ainu (Japan), Tao (Taiwan), and Kondha (India) communities. Thematic content analysis was conducted with researcher triangulation. Results: Four dimensions of community resilience emerged across the three contexts: (1) spiritual connection to territory as a source of identity and well-being; (2) intergenerational transmission of ancestral knowledge through daily practices; (3) social cohesion expressed in reciprocity networks and mutual support; and (4) emerging leadership that articulates cultural resistance with demands for recognition. Discussion: The findings align with previous studies on resilience in Southeast Asian indigenous communities, which identified interconnectedness as a fundamental value, and provide a framework for understanding how these communities integrate tradition and contemporary adaptation. Conclusions: Community resilience in Asian indigenous peoples is sustained by relational worldviews that integrate territory, spirituality, and collectivity. Social Work interventions with a psychological perspective should focus on strengthening these endogenous resources through intercultural and participatory approaches.