Comparative analysis between IFRS 9 and IPSAS 41 Financial Instruments

International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) are widely recognized in global accounting, yet they primarily serve the needs of profit-oriented entities. In contrast, public sector organizations operate under different imperatives, such as transparency, accountability, and service delivery. This paper explores how IPSAS 41 has been developed to address these objectives, offering a focused comparison with IFRS 9. The analysis draws on selected professional literature and official guidance, with emphasis on the treatment of concessionary loans. Findings indicate that IFRS 9 may inadequately reflect the realities of public finance, whereas IPSAS 41 provides a more appropriate framework for non-commercial settings. The study highlights key differences in classification, measurement, and reporting objectives, offering insights for policymakers and practitioners involved in public sector financial management. This paper aims to clarify the complexities involved in establishing unique standards and how heavily their formulation depends on the purposes they are intended to serve.