A Critique of the Creative Economy, Creative City and Creative Class From the Global South

The aims are to identify and examine the inconsistencies and incongruities of the definitions of ¡°creative economy¡±, ¡°creative city¡± and ¡°creative class¡± in their application to the study and the formulation of public policies in the Global South. The central argument points out that 1) the idea of ¡°creative economy¡± seemed to conceive peripheral societies would be flat tables on which pre-given economic governance strategies for creative sectors could be replicated; 2) the concept of a ¡°creative city¡± by the mainstream does not deal with the specific political-economic obstacles in the Global South, so it seems more feasible to define ¡°creative city¡± from a culturally specific understanding of what creativity is and recognize the motivations for creating a creative city can come from different actors according to local circumstances; 3) the mobilization of creativity in the exercise of the profession is a weak criterion for defining the ¡°creative class¡±, which motivates difficulties regarding the self-identification of individuals as members of it. They reproduce hierarchical regimes that exclude differences.