Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Approach for Sustainable Chemical Supply Chain Design Balancing Safety, Cost, and Environmental Impact

Designing chemical supply chains that simultaneously optimize safety, minimize cost, and reduce environmental impact presents a complex, multi-objective challenge. This paper presents a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) framework for sustainable chemical supply chain design, integrating quantitative and qualitative assessment techniques to evaluate trade-offs among safety performance, operational cost, and environmental footprint. The proposed approach leverages analytic hierarchy process (AHP), fuzzy logic, and scenario-based modeling to prioritize supply chain configurations, evaluate alternative logistics strategies, and identify risk mitigation measures. A case study of a multinational chemical manufacturer demonstrates the effectiveness of the model in supporting decision-making under uncertainty, balancing competing objectives, and ensuring regulatory compliance. Results indicate that the MCDM framework enhances supply chain resilience, supports sustainable operations, and provides actionable insights for strategic and operational planning. The study further highlights the role of advanced analytics and integrated sustainability metrics in guiding chemical supply chain design in emerging and mature markets.