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Clasificación de destinos turísticos en México a través de un análisis discriminante

Author

Listed:
  • Cerón, Hazael.

    (Universidad Anáhuac México Norte)

  • Miranda-Nuñez, Erendira.

    (Universidad Anáhuac México Norte)

Abstract

El turismo en México tiene varias características que lo convierten en una prioridad nacional dada su importancia como factor de desarrollo y motor de crecimiento. Debido a la gran diversidad con que cuentan los países en términos de recursos naturales, sociales e incluso tecnológicos, los países pueden ser visitados, sin embargo esto presenta un problema en términos de clasificación y de identificación de los elementos que pueden formar la vocación turística. Se contó con información de 50 destinos destinos turísticos de México que a priori pueden ser clasificados como: destinos culturales, destinos de naturaleza y destinos de sol y playa, a partir de un conjunto de variables agrupadas en cuatro: atractivos turísticos, comodidades y organización del destino, accesibilidad e imagen. El objetivo general del estudio es utilizar el análisis discriminante para conocer la vocación de los destinos turísticos. Se concluye, que el mayor porcentaje de los destinos estudiados corresponde a destinos culturales (68%), seguido de los destinos de naturaleza (28%) y por último los destinos de sol y playa (8%). Sin embargo, es importante señalar que los destinos de sol y playa presentan probabilidades de pertenecer a destinos culturales y naturaleza esto es por las características adicionales con las que cuentan. Las políticas turísticas deben estar diferenciadas en función de la vocación./ Tourism in Mexico has several features that makes it a national priority given its importance as a factor of development and economic growth. Because of the great diversity that countries have like natural, social and even technological resources; these can be visited, however this presents a problem in terms of classification and identification of the elements that can be part of the tourist vocation. We had access to information of 50 tourist destinations destinations in Mexico that a priori can be classified as: cultural destinations, nature destinations and sun and beach destinations from a set of variables grouped into attractions, facilities and organization destination, accessibility and image. The general objective of the study is to use a discriminant analysis technique to determine the vocation of tourist destinations. It is concluded that the highest percentage of the studied locations corresponds to cultural destinations (68%), followed by natural destinations (28%) and finally the sun and beach destinations (8%). However, it is important to note that sun and beach destinations have probabilities to belong to cultural and natural destinations this is because of the additional features that they have. Tourism policies should be differentiated in function of tourist vocation.

Suggested Citation

  • Cerón, Hazael. & Miranda-Nuñez, Erendira., 2015. "Clasificación de destinos turísticos en México a través de un análisis discriminante," Panorama Económico, Escuela Superior de Economía, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, vol. 0(20), pages 81-98, primer se.
  • Handle: RePEc:ipn:panora:v:x:y:2015:i:20:p:81-98
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    Keywords

    destinos turísticos; clasificación; vocación turística; análisis discriminante; cultura; naturaleza; sol y playa./ tourist destinations; classification; tourist vocation; discriminant analysis; culture; natural; sun and beach.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • L83 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Services - - - Sports; Gambling; Restaurants; Recreation; Tourism

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