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Utilization of Idle Time in an M/G/1 Queueing System

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  • Yonatan Levy

    (Tel-Aviv University)

  • Uri Yechiali

    (Tel-Aviv University)

Abstract

This paper studies an M/G/1 queue where the idle time of the server is utilized for additional work in a secondary system. As usual, the server is busy as long as there are units in the main system. However, as soon as the server becomes idle he leaves for a "vacation." The duration of a vacation is a random variable with a known distribution function. Two models are considered. In the first, upon termination of a vacation the server returns to the main queue and begins to serve those units, if any, that have arrived during the vacation. If no units have arrived the server waits for the first arrival when an ordinary M/G/1 busy period is initiated. In the second model if the server finds the system empty at the end of a vacation, he immediately takes another vacation, etc. For both models Laplace-Stieltjes transforms of the occupation period, vacation period and waiting time are derived and generating functions of the number of units in the system are calculated. The two models are then compared to each other, and for some special cases the optimal mean vacation times are found.

Suggested Citation

  • Yonatan Levy & Uri Yechiali, 1975. "Utilization of Idle Time in an M/G/1 Queueing System," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 22(2), pages 202-211, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:inm:ormnsc:v:22:y:1975:i:2:p:202-211
    DOI: 10.1287/mnsc.22.2.202
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    Cited by:

    1. Hanukov, Gabi & Avinadav, Tal & Chernonog, Tatyana & Spiegel, Uriel & Yechiali, Uri, 2018. "Improving efficiency in service systems by performing and storing “preliminary services”," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 197(C), pages 174-185.
    2. R. E. Lillo, 2000. "Optimal Operating Policy for an M/G/1 Exhaustive Server-Vacation Model," Methodology and Computing in Applied Probability, Springer, vol. 2(2), pages 153-167, August.
    3. Jennifer Sommer & Joost Berkhout & Hans Daduna & Bernd Heidergott, 2017. "Analysis of Jackson networks with infinite supply and unreliable nodes," Queueing Systems: Theory and Applications, Springer, vol. 87(1), pages 181-207, October.
    4. Jung Baek & Ho Lee & Se Lee & Soohan Ahn, 2013. "A MAP-modulated fluid flow model with multiple vacations," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 202(1), pages 19-34, January.
    5. Hanukov, Gabi & Avinadav, Tal & Chernonog, Tatyana & Yechiali, Uri, 2019. "Performance improvement of a service system via stocking perishable preliminary services," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 274(3), pages 1000-1011.
    6. Shweta Upadhyaya, 2020. "Investigating a general service retrial queue with damaging and licensed units: an application in local area networks," OPSEARCH, Springer;Operational Research Society of India, vol. 57(3), pages 716-745, September.
    7. B. Krishna Kumar & S. Pavai Madheswari & S. Anantha Lakshmi, 2011. "Queuing system with state-dependent controlled batch arrivals and server under maintenance," TOP: An Official Journal of the Spanish Society of Statistics and Operations Research, Springer;Sociedad de Estadística e Investigación Operativa, vol. 19(2), pages 351-379, December.
    8. Hanukov, Gabi, 2022. "Improving efficiency of service systems by performing a part of the service without the customer's presence," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 302(2), pages 606-620.
    9. Jau-Chuan Ke, 2006. "An M/G/1 queue under hysteretic vacation policy with an early startup and un-reliable server," Mathematical Methods of Operations Research, Springer;Gesellschaft für Operations Research (GOR);Nederlands Genootschap voor Besliskunde (NGB), vol. 63(2), pages 357-369, May.
    10. Delasay, Mohammad & Ingolfsson, Armann & Kolfal, Bora & Schultz, Kenneth, 2019. "Load effect on service times," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 279(3), pages 673-686.
    11. Gao, Shan & Wang, Jinting & Zhang, Jie, 2023. "Reliability analysis of a redundant series system with common cause failures and delayed vacation," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 239(C).
    12. B. Kumar & D. Arivudainambi & A. Krishnamoorthy, 2006. "Some results on a generalized M/G/1 feedback queue with negative customers," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 143(1), pages 277-296, March.
    13. Madhu Jain & Sandeep Kaur & Parminder Singh, 2021. "Supplementary variable technique (SVT) for non-Markovian single server queue with service interruption (QSI)," Operational Research, Springer, vol. 21(4), pages 2203-2246, December.
    14. Jau-Chuan Ke & Yunn-Kuang Chu, 2009. "Notes of M/G/1 system under the $${\langle p, T \rangle}$$ policy with second optional service," Central European Journal of Operations Research, Springer;Slovak Society for Operations Research;Hungarian Operational Research Society;Czech Society for Operations Research;Österr. Gesellschaft für Operations Research (ÖGOR);Slovenian Society Informatika - Section for Operational Research;Croatian Operational Research Society, vol. 17(4), pages 425-431, December.
    15. Willmot, Gordon E. & Lin, Xiaodong, 1996. "Bounds on the tails of convolutions of compound distributions," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 18(1), pages 29-33, May.
    16. Xiaoju Zhang & Qingcheng Zeng & Zhongzhen Yang, 2019. "Optimization of truck appointments in container terminals," Maritime Economics & Logistics, Palgrave Macmillan;International Association of Maritime Economists (IAME), vol. 21(1), pages 125-145, March.
    17. M. I. G. Suranga Sampath & K. Kalidass & Jicheng Liu, 2020. "Transient Analysis of an M/M/1 Queueing System Subjected to Multiple Differentiated Vacations, Impatient Customers and a Waiting Server with Application to IEEE 802.16E Power Saving Mechanism," Indian Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, Springer, vol. 51(1), pages 297-320, March.
    18. Janani, B., 2022. "Transient Analysis of Differentiated Breakdown Model," Applied Mathematics and Computation, Elsevier, vol. 417(C).
    19. G. K. Tamrakar & A. Banerjee, 2020. "On steady-state joint distribution of an infinite buffer batch service Poisson queue with single and multiple vacation," OPSEARCH, Springer;Operational Research Society of India, vol. 57(4), pages 1337-1373, December.
    20. Lotfi Tadj & Gautam Choudhury, 2005. "Optimal design and control of queues," TOP: An Official Journal of the Spanish Society of Statistics and Operations Research, Springer;Sociedad de Estadística e Investigación Operativa, vol. 13(2), pages 359-412, December.
    21. Gabi Hanukov & Shoshana Anily & Uri Yechiali, 2020. "Ticket queues with regular and strategic customers," Queueing Systems: Theory and Applications, Springer, vol. 95(1), pages 145-171, June.
    22. Achyutha Krishnamoorthy & Anu Nuthan Joshua & Dmitry Kozyrev, 2021. "Analysis of a Batch Arrival, Batch Service Queuing-Inventory System with Processing of Inventory While on Vacation," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(4), pages 1-29, February.

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