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Syndemic Interactions Between Poverty, Malnutrition, and Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis A Systems Biology and Social Determinants Analysis

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  • Swarnlata Panchal

Abstract

The convergence of poverty, malnutrition, and drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) represents a complex syndemic that exacerbates global health disparities, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. This study examines the interconnected biological and socio-economic pathways driving this syndemic using a systems biology and social determinants framework. Poverty contributes to food insecurity, inadequate healthcare access, and delayed diagnosis, while malnutrition compromises immune function, increasing susceptibility to TB infection and poor treatment outcomes. Evidence suggests that undernutrition significantly elevates the risk of unsuccessful DR-TB treatment outcomes, highlighting the need for integrated interventions . Additionally, TB itself reinforces poverty through income loss and long-term morbidity, creating a cyclical burden . By synthesizing epidemiological data and literature, this study demonstrates that addressing these interlinked determinants through multi-sectoral strategies is essential for improving treatment outcomes and reducing disease burden in vulnerable populations.

Suggested Citation

  • Swarnlata Panchal, 2026. "Syndemic Interactions Between Poverty, Malnutrition, and Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis A Systems Biology and Social Determinants Analysis," International Journal of Scientific Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, Technoscience Academy, vol. 13(2), pages 415-424, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:ijs:ijsrse:v13:y2026:i2:id:982
    DOI: 10.32628/IJSRSET2613236
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