Motivational and Hygiene Factors for University Teachers: Resurrecting Herzberg’s Two Factor Theory

This study first checks the validity of Herzberg two factors theory in the context of Pakistan especially in higher education sector and then identifies all the factors responsible for Motivation and Dissatisfaction among faculty members. For the identification of the major motivators and hygiene factors, the CIT (Critical Incident Technique) has been used. Empirical findings show that the that the Herzberg two factor theory is not only applicable at overall level in Pakistani higher education sector but it is also applicable on several different categorization of faculty members on the basis on gender, marital status, salary scale, job experience, and public and private sector universities. The major reason behind motivation of the faculty members is the sense of achievement and the major reasons behind dissatisfaction are the institutional policies and its administrationn. To increase the motivation level and to lower the issatisfaction level, the faculty members should be provided with constant feedback, opportunities for self-development, recognition on their achievements and sense of autonomy and illusion of control.