Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm-Based Fuzzy-2DOF-PID Controller for LFC of Interconnected System With Nonlinearities

The load frequency control (LFC) is an automation scheme employed for an interconnected power system to overcome the frequency deviation issue because of load variation in the most economical way. This work puts an earliest effort to study the LFC issue of a three-area power systems including nonlinearities using fuzzy-two degree of freedom-PID (F-2DOF-PID) controller optimized with grasshopper optimization algorithm (GOA). Initially, GOA optimized PID controllers are considered for a two area non-reheat thermal system including generation rate constraint to validate the superiority over PID controllers tuned with some recently reported optimization techniques, such as hybrid firefly algorithm-pattern search, firefly algorithm, bacteria foraging optimization algorithm, genetic algorithm, and conventional Ziegler Nichols technique. Then the work is reconsidered for the same system to verify the supremacy of F-2DOF-PID controller over other controllers such as fuzzy-PID, two degree of freedom-PID, and PID with GOA framework. Furthermore, the study is extended to a three-area system considering the effect of nonlinearities to verify effectiveness and robustness of proposed controller.