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Synthesis and Characterization of Hexagonal Shaped Nanocrystalline Zinc Oxide Powders

Author

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  • M. Ahmad

    (B. Z. University, Multan, Pakistan)

  • E. Ahmed

    (B. Z. University, Multan, Pakistan)

  • N. R. Khalid

    (B. Z. University, Multan, Pakistan)

  • M. J. Jackson

    (Bonded Abrasive Consultancy Group, USA)

  • W. Ahmed

    (University of Central Lancashire, UK)

Abstract

Nanocrystalline ZnO powders are synthesized using a quick, simple and inexpensive combustion method. Glycine and zinc nitrate, used as fuel and oxidant/cation sources respectively, were mixed together at room temperature to form a slurry or gel. A series of experiments were performed to synthesize nanoparticles for different fuel to oxidant ratios. The rate of heating and stirring greatly influenced the combustion process. The as-synthesized powder was heat treated at elevated temperatures for varying time to remove adsorbed impurities from the surface of the ZnO nanoparticles. Both the as-synthesized and heat treated powders were characterized using a variety of analytical techniques. The hexagonal wurtzite phase of the ZnO powder was revealed from x-ray diffraction measurements. A decrease in the x-ray diffraction density (Dx) and the bulk density (D) resulted in an increase in percentage porosity (%P) of as-synthesized and heat treated ZnO powders. The range of fuel to oxidant ratios used in the present work indicates that they had a strong influence on the grain size of ZnO powders. The average grain size estimated by using the Scherer formula indicated an approximate value of 6-21 nm for the as-synthesized and heat treated samples.

Suggested Citation

  • M. Ahmad & E. Ahmed & N. R. Khalid & M. J. Jackson & W. Ahmed, 2012. "Synthesis and Characterization of Hexagonal Shaped Nanocrystalline Zinc Oxide Powders," International Journal of Manufacturing, Materials, and Mechanical Engineering (IJMMME), IGI Global, vol. 2(2), pages 61-76, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:igg:jmmme0:v:2:y:2012:i:2:p:61-76
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