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The Paradox of Protection: Public-Safety Spending and Reported Cybercrime in the United States

Author

Listed:
  • Craig P. Orgeron

    (Millsaps College, USA)

  • William Rials

    (Tulane University, USA)

  • Daniel Doss

    (National University, USA)

  • Valentino Ambrosio

    (Tulane University, USA)

  • Micheala Benton

    (Tulane University, USA)

  • Mike Montgomery

    (Tulane University, USA)

Abstract

The authors assess whether state public-safety spending relates to reported cybercrime in a single-year (2023) U.S. state-level analysis (50 states + DC). IC3/FTC outcomes (rates and losses) are linked to police/corrections spending and pre-specified socio-economic/infrastructure covariates. Models use population-weighted least squares for rate outcomes, HC3 robust SEs, ln(loss+1) for dollar outcomes, and Benjamini–Hochberg FDR (q=.10). Zero-order correlations between spending and reporting measures are positive; after adjustment, coefficients attenuate toward zero and are not FDR-significant. Sensitivity checks (excluding DC; omitting influential states; police vs. corrections; IC3-only; adult denominators) are consistent. Findings are associational, consistent with visibility/detection or demand-driven dynamics rather than cross-sectional deterrence. Practice should pair investigative capacity with standardized reporting and prevention; causal evaluation requires longitudinal/quasi-experimental designs.

Suggested Citation

  • Craig P. Orgeron & William Rials & Daniel Doss & Valentino Ambrosio & Micheala Benton & Mike Montgomery, 2025. "The Paradox of Protection: Public-Safety Spending and Reported Cybercrime in the United States," International Journal of Information Security and Privacy (IJISP), IGI Global Scientific Publishing, vol. 19(1), pages 1-23, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:igg:jisp00:v:19:y:2025:i:1:p:1-23
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