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Entrepreneurship and the off-the-books economy: some lessons from England

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  • Colin C. Williams

Abstract

This article evaluates whether entrepreneurs trade off-the-books and how this varies across populations. Reporting the results of 811 face-to-face interviews in English affluent and deprived localities, the finding is that even though only a relatively small proportion of all off-the-books work is conducted by nascent and established entrepreneurs, although the share is higher in affluent populations, some three-quarters of business start-ups and the established self-employed trade wholly or partially off-the-books, and this figure is even higher in deprived populations. The outcome is a call to reposition the hidden enterprise culture more centre-stage in discussions of entrepreneurship and enterprise development.

Suggested Citation

  • Colin C. Williams, 2009. "Entrepreneurship and the off-the-books economy: some lessons from England," International Journal of Management and Enterprise Development, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 7(4), pages 429-444.
    • Handle: RePEc:ids:ijmede:v:7:y:2009:i:4:p:429-444
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