A systematic literature review food supply chain resilience: stakeholder, strategic, and regional analyses and future directions

This study conducted a systematic literature review to investigate the resilience to the COVID-19 pandemic of various food supply chain (FSC) stakeholders, i.e., farmers, foodservice distributors, foodservice producers, food manufacturers, retailers, and consumers. Descriptive and thematic analysis showed that FSC stakeholders were impacted and reacted differently to the pandemic depending on factors such as human resources, supply chain uncertainty, monetary and economic restraints, logistics disruptions, and infrastructure disruptions, among others. The regional analysis examined studies that were conducted in developed and developing nations and showed that the impact was higher in developing nations which can be attributed to the lack of infrastructure and advanced technologies. Resilient strategies analysis uncovered several strategies including: efficient information sharing system, improving urban-rural gaps, government actions, supply chain collaboration, product portfolio optimisation, and efficient vehicle utilisation. The study concludes with important managerial and policy implications for each FSC stakeholder and presents future research directions.