Designing control management systems for parts recovery and spare parts management in the final phase within closed-loop supply chains

Using recovered parts from discarded electrical and electronic equipment as spare parts within closed-loop supply chains is promising, especially during the final service phase, when the original product is no longer produced and the sources of new parts are limited. Controlling those closed-loop supply chains and to decide when to acquire discarded equipment, when to recover used parts, and when to produce new parts is challenging. To cope with this problem, we developed a generic system dynamics model that provides a test for various proposed policies to control closed-loop supply chains with parts recovery and spare parts supply.