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Reliable location models with transportation mode selection

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  • Leena Hamdan
  • Abdulrahman R. Alenezi

Abstract

In this study, we examined a three-echelon supply chain network consisting of candidate facilities, hubs, and customers. Products are delivered from facilities to customers directly or via hubs, utilising different transportation modes. Full truckload shipments are employed for delivering products from facilities to customers or hubs, while less than truckload shipments are utilised for products from hubs to customers. Considering the susceptibility of facilities to failure, customers are allocated to either a primary facility exclusively or both primary and secondary facilities, with the secondary facility serving customers only during the failure period. The problem is mathematically formulated as a linear integer programming model and subsequently solved using the Lagrange relaxation procedure. The solution was obtained with an average computational time of 96.6 seconds, demonstrating a gap between upper and lower bounds averaging 0.158%.

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  • Leena Hamdan & Abdulrahman R. Alenezi, 2025. "Reliable location models with transportation mode selection," International Journal of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 50(4), pages 465-491.
    • Handle: RePEc:ids:ijisen:v:50:y:2025:i:4:p:465-491
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