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Investigation of the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis for the MINT countries: the ecological footprint approach

Author

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  • Ali Eren Alper
  • F. Özlem Alper

Abstract

According to the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis, as the per capita income of a country increases at the initial phases of economic development, the level of pollution also rises. However, once a certain threshold value is exceeded, the growth in per capita income reduces economic pollution. The EKC hypothesis claims the presence of an inverted U-shaped association between growth in income and environmental pollution. This study aims to ascertain the validity of the EKC hypothesis using ecological footprint and environmental pollution variables for MINT (Mexico, Indonesia, Nigeria, and Turkey) countries. According to the results obtained from the ARDL bounds test performed by following the Narayan and Narayan (2010) methodology, the EKC hypothesis is found valid for Mexico, Nigeria, and Turkey, since the short-term elasticities of the growth in per capita income exceeds the long-term elasticities in the countries.

Suggested Citation

  • Ali Eren Alper & F. Özlem Alper, 2022. "Investigation of the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis for the MINT countries: the ecological footprint approach," International Journal of Economics and Business Research, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 24(1/2), pages 91-115.
    • Handle: RePEc:ids:ijecbr:v:24:y:2022:i:1/2:p:91-115
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