Enhancing risk assessment of bridge construction: applying an integrated failure mode and effect analysis and analytic hierarchy process methods

Bridge construction projects demand a rigorous risk assessment process to ensure safety and structural integrity. Traditional risk assessment methods often operate in isolation, failing to manage risks objectively and effectively. This paper addresses this gap by integrating the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) to assess risks in bridge construction projects. The proposed methodology identifies potential hazards and uses FMEA to calculate the risk priority number (RPN) for identified risks. These risks are further assessed through AHP, combining quantitative and qualitative evaluations. This approach leads to a more objective and effective risk evaluation, resulting in more reliable ranking and prioritisation of risks. By applying this novel approach, decision-making and risk mitigation strategies can be enhanced, improving the overall safety of bridge construction practices. This approach is validated with its application to the Jofra footbridge project in Libya.