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Understanding the complexities of tunnel-pile-soil interaction: a comprehensive investigation of vibratory effects and seismic dynamics

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  • Musabur Rehman
  • Syed Mohd Abbas
  • Altaf Usmani

Abstract

Excavating tunnels can significantly affect pre-existing structures like raft or pile foundations and the surrounding substructures. Additionally, tunnelling combined with seismic waves can lead to severe consequences. This study aims to thoroughly examine the interactions among tunnels, piles, and adjacent soil (TPS), focusing on vibrational effects and mathematical modelling. A framework is proposed to predict pile behaviour before tunnelling and validate results from computational simulations. Using PLAXIS3D finite element software, the study investigates the complexities of tunnel-pile-soil interaction (TPSI) during seismic events, particularly evaluating the impact of tunnel excavation and seismic activity on 2 × 2 pile configurations. The disturbance of piles is found to be directly proportional to the tunnel's geometry and position and inversely proportional to pile diameter and modulus. The results highlight the influence of varying parameters on deformation characteristics and bending moments, providing insights into the relationships between different variables.

Suggested Citation

  • Musabur Rehman & Syed Mohd Abbas & Altaf Usmani, 2026. "Understanding the complexities of tunnel-pile-soil interaction: a comprehensive investigation of vibratory effects and seismic dynamics," International Journal of Critical Infrastructures, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 22(2), pages 182-200.
    • Handle: RePEc:ids:ijcist:v:22:y:2026:i:2:p:182-200
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