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Evaluation of aggregate models of plug-in electric vehicles for primary frequency control

Author

Listed:
  • Seyedmahdi Izadkhast
  • Pablo Garcia-Gonzalez
  • Pablo Frías
  • Pavol Bauer
  • Laura Ramírez-Elizondo

Abstract

This paper summarises and evaluates in detail aggregate models of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) for primary frequency control (PFC) through dynamic simulations. A basic aggregate model of PEVs for PFC is introduced and then gradually developed in the following steps: 1) technical characteristics of PEVs are incorporated into the model; 2) technical characteristics of distribution networks are formulated and added; 3) a strategy is described to well-design the frequency-droop controller of PEVs for PFC. Moreover, from an economic point of view, a method is presented to assess the benefits which could result from PEVs for PFC. Four simulation scenarios are defined to evaluate the impact of: 1) different PEV's penetration levels; 2) PEV's operating modes and constraints; 3) power consumed in the network during the PFC; 4) well-designed frequency droop controller, on the frequency response following a contingency event. Simulation results show that aggregate PEVs have a great potential not only to improve the frequency response, while preserving the overall stability, but also to save some costs associated with PFC.

Suggested Citation

  • Seyedmahdi Izadkhast & Pablo Garcia-Gonzalez & Pablo Frías & Pavol Bauer & Laura Ramírez-Elizondo, 2018. "Evaluation of aggregate models of plug-in electric vehicles for primary frequency control," International Journal of Automotive Technology and Management, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 18(3), pages 270-294.
  • Handle: RePEc:ids:ijatma:v:18:y:2018:i:3:p:270-294
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