Electronic money accounting in developing countries: current state and future prospects

This study represents possible approaches to solving local and global problems in accounting for electronic money, including virtual currencies. The concept of electronic money is defined. Changes to the Chart of Accounts based on introducing a new Electronic Money account, divided into subaccounts, are proposed. The developed algorithm makes it possible to recognise a potential asset as an accounting object and perform its preliminary classification for the display on accounts. The research proves that a multi-class approach is the most appropriate for virtual currencies when they can be recognised as intangible assets, goods, products, and monetary equivalents. The Notes to the Financial Statements should disclose details of such subgroups of assets, the purpose of their retention, and the risks associated with them, particularly the risk of volatility and lack of legal regulation. It is recommended to be reviewed by the governments and all participants of the crypto-asset market.