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ミャンマーにおける農業政策と作付決定,農家所得, Agricultural Policies, Cropping Patterns, and Farm Income in Myanmar

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  • Kurosaki, Takashi

Abstract

計画経済から市場経済システムへの移行過程にあるミャンマー農業においては,他の移行経済で見られたような生産性向上が顕著には見出しがたい.この背景に農地利用と農業流通制度に関する政策介入が存在することを,2001年に実施した農村調査のミクロデータを用いて示す.既存研究での描写的分析からは,集約的に投入財を用いた灌漑稲作に重点をおく調査村や標本農家の所得が低いことが明らかになっている.そこで,収益性が低いにもかかわらず,稲作の比率が高い理由を明らかにするために,各調査村内部における米の作付比率の農家間変動を説明する計量分析を行った.行政側が農業政策を履行強制しやすいタイプの農民であるかどうかに焦点を当て,農地の耕作権を親から相続する見込みのある農民や,計画経済時代の新技術を率先して採択した農民ほどそのようなタイプであると仮定した.分析結果からは,このようなタイプの農民ほど稲作比率が高いことが示された.他の決定要因としては,家計における米消費の重要性も有意に稲作比率を引き上げることが判明した., Myanmar's agricultural economy is in transition from a planned to a market system. However, the economy does not seem to capture the full gains of productivity growth expected from such a transition. Using a micro dataset collected in 2001, covering more than 500 households in eight villages with diverse agro-ecological environments, this paper shows that policy interventions in land use and agricultural marketing underlie the lack of income growth. Regression analyses focusing on within-village variation of cropping patterns show that the acreage share under non-lucrative paddy crops is higher for farmers who are under tighter control of the local administration and who have greater concern for food security.

Suggested Citation

  • Kurosaki, Takashi, 2005. "ミャンマーにおける農業政策と作付決定,農家所得, Agricultural Policies, Cropping Patterns, and Farm Income in Myanmar," Economic Review, Hitotsubashi University, vol. 56(2), pages 97-110, April.
  • Handle: RePEc:hit:ecorev:v:56:y:2005:i:2:p:97-110
    DOI: 10.15057/21366
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