Author
Abstract
1997年に締結された京都議定書では規定されていない2012年以降の温室効果ガス削減総量と各国への割当は,地球温暖化を巡る今後の国際交渉における重要案件である.本稿は,温室効果ガス削減へ向けた国際交渉の帰結のパレート最適性と安定性について,浅子他(1995),Okada(2003)および Tadenuma(2003)の3つのゲーム理論モデルによる分析を比較検討する.主要な結論は以下の通りである.(1)各国の厚生が貨幣単位で測られ,かつ国家間の純所得移転が可能であるならば,パレート最適な資源配分が実現される.(2)一定量の総排出権を各国に初期分配する交渉では,コアの意味での安定的帰結は存在しないが,フォン・ノイマン=モルゲンシュテルンの安定集合は存在する.(3)所与の初期分配ルールのもとで排出権総量について交渉するケースでは,各国は排出権総量が排出権市場均衡における自国の排出権収入または支出に及ぼす効果を合理的に予測するため,交渉によって決まる排出権総量は必ずしもパレート最適水準には至らない., This paper examines efficiency and stability of the outcomes of international negotiations for abatement of global warming. Three cooperative game models due to Askako et. al. (1995), Okada(2003) and Tadenuma(2003) are considered, and the results and their implications are explained in detail. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) If each country has a welfare function that is quasi-linear in money, and monetary transfers between countries are possible, then the bargaining outcome is Pareto efficient; (2) In a negotiation about initial assignments of emission permits of greenhouse gases among countries, there is no outcome in the core, but the stable set exists; (3) In a negotiation about the total amount of emission permits under a given rule of initial assignments, the bargaing outcome is not necessarily Pareto efficient because each country rationally anticipates the effect of the total amount of emission permits on its own revenue or payment in the equilibrium of the emission permits market.
Suggested Citation
Tadenuma, Koichi, 2004.
"地球温暖化緩和への国際交渉―ゲーム論的分析―, International Negotiations for Abatement of Global Warming -Game Theoretic Analyses-,"
Economic Review, Hitotsubashi University, vol. 55(1), pages 26-37, January.
Handle:
RePEc:hit:ecorev:v:55:y:2004:i:1:p:26-37
DOI: 10.15057/21595
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