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企業バランスシートと金融政策, The Transmission of Monetary Policy through Borrower's Balance Sheets -Evidence from Panel Data on Japanese Firms-

Author

Listed:
  • Hosono, Kaoru
  • Watanabe, Tsutomu

Abstract

金融政策のバランスシートチャネル理論によれば,金融引き締めは企業の正味資産を減少させるので,引締め期には投資が正味資産の多寡に縛られる度合いが強まる.本稿では,(1)各年における企業の正味資産と投資率の間のクロスセクションの関係を推計する,(2)正味資産と投資率の関係の強さが金融政策の変更によってどのように影響されるかを調べる,という2段階の推計を行うことによりこの理論予測を検証する.本稿のファインディングは次の2点である.第1に,企業の正味資産と投資率の間にはクロスセクションで正の相関があり,この正の相関は金融引締め期に強まる傾向がある.これはバランスシートチャネル理論と整合的である.この傾向は,企業規模でいえば中堅・中小企業,業種でいえば製造業で特に顕著である.金融引き締め期には正味資産が減少し流動性制約に直面する企業の割合が多くなるため,正味資産と投資率の相関が強まると解釈できる.第2に,1990年代に正味資産と投資率の相関が高まったとの証左は見出せない.この時期の投資低迷の理由として正味資産の低さが投資の足を引っ張っているという見方があるが,そうした見方は支持されない.むしろ,1991年以降の長期にわたる金融緩和策によって,正味資産が投資を縛る度合いが弱められたという,バランスシートチャネル理論に沿った見方が支持される.ただし,業種別にみると,建設・不動産など,正味資産と投資率との相関と金融政策との関連が希薄な一部の業種では1990年代後半に両者の相関が高まっており,これらの業種では正味資産の低下により投資が抑制された可能性を示喫している., We study the monetary-transmission mechanism through borrowers' balance sheets using a panel of Japanese firms. We conduct a two-step regression. We first run a cross-section regression in each year to estimate the degree to which firms' investment behavior is constrained by the amount of their net worth, and then run a time-series regression to see how it is related with monetary policy shocks. We find that firms' investment behavior tends to be constrained more strongly by the amount of their net worth during the periods of monetary tightening. We fail to find evidence that the constraint of net worth became stronger in the 1990s, which contradicts the view that the slump of investment during that period was caused by the deterioration of firms' balance sheets.

Suggested Citation

  • Hosono, Kaoru & Watanabe, Tsutomu, 2002. "企業バランスシートと金融政策, The Transmission of Monetary Policy through Borrower's Balance Sheets -Evidence from Panel Data on Japanese Firms-," Economic Review, Hitotsubashi University, vol. 53(2), pages 117-133, April.
  • Handle: RePEc:hit:ecorev:v:53:y:2002:i:2:p:117-133
    DOI: 10.15057/21341
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    Cited by:

    1. Suvadee Rungsomboon, 2005. "Deterioration of Firm Balance Sheet and Investment Behavior: Evidence from Panel Data on Thai Firms," Asian Economic Journal, East Asian Economic Association, vol. 19(3), pages 335-356, September.
    2. Takayuki ISHIKAWA, 2023. "The Decline in Capital Formation in Japan: Empirical research on Japanese listed firms data," Discussion papers 23008, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI).

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