Diagnostic Technologies for Urinary Retention in the Postoperative Period of Arthroplasties: An Integrative Review

AimsTo identify diagnostic technologies for postoperative urinary retention in patients undergoing lower limb arthroplasty surgeries.DesignIntegrative review.Data SourcesSearches were conducted in April 2024 in the following databases: Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and CINAHL.Review MethodsStudies published in the last 10 years, without language restriction, were included. The search strategy combined the terms “postoperative,†“arthroplasty,†“diagnosis,†and “urinary retention.†Study selection and analysis followed PRISMA recommendations. Data were analyzed descriptively and synthesized qualitatively.ResultsA total of 34 studies were included, comprising 36,736 participants. Bladder ultrasound was recommended in 73.5% of the studies as the primary diagnostic technology. The most frequent urinary volume thresholds indicating catheterization ranged from 400 to 500 mL, with postvoid residual volumes around 150 mL also reported.ConclusionBladder ultrasound is the most recommended diagnostic technology for postoperative urinary retention in patients undergoing lower limb arthroplasty. However, further studies are needed to validate its use across different clinical contexts and populations.ImpactThe findings support the incorporation of bladder ultrasound into clinical protocols to improve early diagnosis, reduce unnecessary catheterization, and enhance patient safety in postoperative care. This review also highlights the need for greater involvement of nursing professionals in research and clinical application of diagnostic technologies.Patient or Public ContributionNot applicable.