Hierarchical Bayesian Spatio-Temporal Modeling for PM 10 Prediction

Over the past few years, hierarchical Bayesian models have been extensively used for modeling the joint spatial and temporal dependence of big spatio-temporal data which commonly involves a large number of missing observations. This article represented, assessed, and compared some recently proposed Bayesian and non-Bayesian models for predicting the daily average particulate matter with a diameter of less than 10 (PM 10 ) measured in Qatar during the years 2016–2019. The disaggregating technique with a Markov chain Monte Carlo method with Gibbs sampler are used to handle the missing data. Based on the obtained results, we conclude that the Gaussian predictive processes with autoregressive terms of the latent underlying space-time process model is the best, compared with the Bayesian Gaussian processes and non-Bayesian generalized additive models.