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A Mathematical Model for the Biological Control of Foxes, Rabbits, and Berries

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  • Raymond Charles
  • Kulwa Maiga

Abstract

Three keystone species comprise our study ecosystem: rabbits, foxes, and berries. Foxes eat both rabbits and berries for energy and nutrients, but the nutritional content of the two types of food makes a big difference in the food quality. We provide a stoichiometric predator–prey model that monitors the system’s recycling of nutrition and energy flow between trophic levels. The findings of the analysis indicate that foxes can live in a stable state among rabbits and berries, although the number of rabbits may vary depending on the regime. According to numerical calculations, a higher berries growth rate may push the rabbit population towards extinction, but a lower berries growth rate could push the berries population into extinction. Furthermore, a system where the populations of foxes, rabbits, and berries swing regularly could be stabilized by a high rate of berries development.

Suggested Citation

  • Raymond Charles & Kulwa Maiga, 2026. "A Mathematical Model for the Biological Control of Foxes, Rabbits, and Berries," International Journal of Differential Equations, Hindawi, vol. 2026, pages 1-13, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:hin:jnijde:9239479
    DOI: 10.1155/ijde/9239479
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