Feature Extraction of Plant Leaf Using Deep Learning

Half a million species of plants could be existing in the world. Classification of plants based on leaf features is a critical job as feature extraction (includes shape, margin, and texture) from binary images of leaves may result in duplicate identification. However, leaves are an effective means of differentiating plant species because of their unique characteristics like area, diameter, perimeter, circularity, aspect ratio, solidity, eccentricity, and narrow factor. This paper presents the extraction of plant leaf gas alongside other features from the camera images or a dataset of images by applying a convolutional neural network (CNN). The extraction of leaf gas enables identification of the actual level of chlorophyll (Ch) and nitrogen (N) which may help to interpret future predictions. Our contribution includes the study of texture and geometric features, analyzing ratio of Ch and N in both healthy and dead leaves, and the study of color-based methods via CNN. Several steps are included to obtain the results: image preprocessing, testing, training, enhancement, segmentation, feature extraction, and aggregation of results. A vital contrast of the results can be seen by considering the kind of image, whether a healthy or dead leaf.