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Bioaccumulation and Trophic Transfer of Potentially Toxic Elements (As, Pb, and Cd) in Environmental Matrices and Sheep Tissues and Screening-Level Human Health Risk Assessment in the Ite Coastal Mining Wetland (Tacna, Peru)

Author

Listed:
  • Abrahan Erasmo Apaza-Canqui

    (School of Food Industry Engineering, National University Jorge Basadre Grohmann (UNJBG), Tacna 23001, Peru)

  • Diego Enrique Kassuha

    (Institute of Research in Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemical and Technological Sciences, Catholic University of Cuyo (UCCuyo), San Juan 5400, Argentina)

  • Williams Sergio Almanza Quispe

    (Professional School of Mechanics, National University Jorge Basadre Grohmann (UNJBG), Tacna 23001, Peru)

  • María Elena Rodrigo Rojas

    (Professional School of Biology, National University Federico Villarreal (UNFV), Lima 15007, Peru)

  • Nataniel Mario Linares-Gutiérrez

    (Academic Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University Jorge Basadre Grohmann (UNJBG), Tacna 23001, Peru)

  • Carlos Genaro Morales-Aranibar

    (Faculty of Sciences, National University of Engineering, Tupac Amaru Av. 210, Rimac, Lima 15333, Peru)

  • Álvaro Herrera Villanueva

    (School of Environmental Engineering, National University Jorge Basadre Gohmann (UNJBG), Tacna 23001, Peru)

  • Jorge González Aguilera

    (Department of Agronomy, State University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UEMS), Cassilândia 79540-000, MS, Brazil)

  • Alan Mario Zuffo

    (Department of Agronomy, State University of Maranhão (UEMA), Balsas 65800-000, MA, Brazil)

  • Luis Morales-Aranibar

    (Research Group for Agro-Environmental Systems and Sustainability, National Intercultural University of Quillabamba (UNIQ), Cusco 08741, Peru)

Abstract

Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in mining-impacted wetlands can transfer from soil and water to forage and grazing livestock, resulting in dietary exposure for nearby communities. In this study, arsenic (As), lead (Pb), and cadmium (Cd) were quantified in key environmental matrices (soil, surface water, and forage) and in sheep tissues (liver, kidney, and muscle) from six georeferenced grazing sites in the Ite coastal wetland (Tacna, Peru) during the dry season. Samples were acid-digested following U.S. EPA protocols and analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) under QA/QC procedures (certified reference materials, blanks, duplicates, and matrix spikes); matrix-specific detection and quantification limits are reported. Arsenic dominated the contamination profile (forage: 428.6 mg kg −1 , dry weight; soil: 48.61 mg kg −1 ; water: 0.97 mg L −1 ) and was detected in sheep tissues (kidney: 0.1577 mg kg −1 ; muscle: 0.1538 mg kg −1 ; liver: 0.0644 mg kg −1 ). Lead and cadmium were

Suggested Citation

  • Abrahan Erasmo Apaza-Canqui & Diego Enrique Kassuha & Williams Sergio Almanza Quispe & María Elena Rodrigo Rojas & Nataniel Mario Linares-Gutiérrez & Carlos Genaro Morales-Aranibar & Álvaro Herrera Vi, 2026. "Bioaccumulation and Trophic Transfer of Potentially Toxic Elements (As, Pb, and Cd) in Environmental Matrices and Sheep Tissues and Screening-Level Human Health Risk Assessment in the Ite Coastal Mining Wetland (Tacna, Peru)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 18(9), pages 1-20, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:18:y:2026:i:9:p:4334-:d:1930000
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