Optimizing the Operation and Control of a Photovoltaic Energy Storage System for Temporary Office Buildings

To enhance the sustainability of temporary office buildings, energy-saving and emissions-reduction technologies, as well as the optimization of photovoltaic (PV) energy storage systems in such structures, are of great importance. In this study, a distributed energy storage system was developed for a temporary office building in Jincheng, China. Measurements showed climatic factors had the greatest effect on building energy consumption due to the building envelope’s low thermal performance and airtightness. The air conditioning system accounted for the highest proportion (87%) of building energy consumption. The PV system’s peak output occurred in the morning due to illumination conditions and module orientation. On this basis, a time-of-use (TOU)- and state-of-charge (SOC)-aware scheduling strategy was developed for the PV-ESS of the temporary office building to improve renewable-energy utilization and reduce user-end electricity cost. Unlike purely theoretical optimization studies, this work focuses on the practical application and validation of the scheduling framework in a real temporary office building using monitored data. The electricity cost decreased by 0.3 RMB/kWh, and the revenue from electricity sales during the scheduling period increased by 0.03 RMB/kWh after model optimization. The optimized scheduling strategy resulted in significantly fewer charge–discharge cycles of the storage battery, substantially decreasing the battery’s storage capacity and the system’s investment costs.