Building Ecological Networks in Italy Through LIFE Projects’ Impact

Ecological connectivity is a key element in biodiversity conservation and the spatial organization of protected areas. In response to environmental disasters, policy frameworks such as the European Biodiversity Strategy 2030, the European Green Deal, the Nature Restoration Law, the European Strategy on Adaptation to Climate Change, and the Urban Agenda for the EU support on-the-ground actions such as ecological restoration and biodiversity conservation to improve best practices. Despite the availability of indicators and discussions for measuring successful activities, real-world assessments have failed to be consistent. This highlights the gap between planning and expected results. Integrating scientific research with the regulatory initiatives, particularly those supported by ISPRA (Italian Institute for Environmental Protection and Research), addresses persistent gaps in Italian planning guidelines (implementing Action 1.3.B of the National Biodiversity Strategy). This study explores the LIFE projects that have been completed in Italy through a mixed-method analysis within the LIFE programme database. This analysis explores specific keywords that have an impact on connectivity and planning actions that contribute to the development of coherent urban landscapes, where habitats and biodiversity can be restored, and the ecological quality improved. The expected outcomes can promote healthy environments within urban and peri-urban areas.