Interventions to Motorised Traffic to Promote Sustainable and Low Traffic Neighbourhoods

The increasing reliance on motorised traffic has led to significant environmental, health and urban mobility challenges for pedestrians and cyclists. Despite growing awareness of the benefits of active travel, including improved public health, reduced carbon emissions, and enhanced urban liveability, many cities struggle to implement effective interventions that prioritise non-motorised mobility due to inadequate infrastructure, safety concerns and car-oriented policies. It is essential to introduce strategic interventions, such as traffic calming measures, dedicated cycle lanes, pedestrian-friendly infrastructure and policy reforms to encourage sustainable mobility choices. This paper examined the impacts of bicycle and pedestrian infrastructure schemes on sustainability and Low Traffic Neighbourhoods (LTNs) at the Trafford Road corridor in Greater Manchester and Wood Street in Wakefield city centre, respectively. Most of the projected trips from the hypothetical office building will occur on the western and northern leg of the Haden Circus roundabout, with approximately 50% on the inward traffic of the western leg towards the roundabout and approximately 40% going outwards. The bicycle infrastructure scheme in the Trafford Road corridor observed an increase of up to 34% in bicycle traffic flow. On the other hand, the pedestrian infrastructure scheme on Wood Street caused a gradual increase in bicycle traffic on Wood Street from 174 to 356 per hour but had an insignificant influence on the pedestrian flow. Many United Kingdom (UK) councils have proposed traffic calming schemes in the city centre to enhance accessibility for pedestrians and cyclists, improve urban air quality and promote business and economic development. This paper examines how the schemes increase pedestrian and cyclist footfall within the traffic-calming zone while increasing traffic on adjacent roads. Restricting motorised traffic to prioritise cycling and walking improves public health, reduces pollution, enhances road safety, boosts local economies, and creates more liveable urban spaces, all while promoting sustainable and efficient transportation.