A Model Based on Delphi and Three-Interval TOPSIS: Sustainable Evaluation of Green Logistics Under the Goals of Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality

Against the backdrop of global climate change and dual carbon goals, the logistics industry, which accounts for about 14% of global greenhouse gas emissions, needs green transformation. Yet, existing evaluation systems have fragmented dimensions, excessive subjectivity, and insufficient objectivity. This study aims to construct a scientific evaluation framework. It uses two rounds of the Delphi method to screen 13 core indicators, forming an environment–economy–society–technology four-dimensional system, and it improves the three-interval TOPSIS method with interval-type ideal solutions, supplemented by Spearman and Pearson dual verification. Taking 24 core cities in the Yangtze River Delta as samples, the results show hierarchical and regional differences: 3 cities (Shanghai, Suzhou, Hangzhou) are excellent, 12 are good, and 9 are qualified. The evaluation system unifies standards for cross-regional and industry comparisons, which works as a quantitative tool for government policy-making and enterprise green transformation, contributing to the development of the logistics industry’s low-carbon intelligent and the achievement of dual carbon goals.