IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v18y2026i3p1529-d1855977.html

Sustainable Development Indicators and Economic Growth: Evidence from Seven Strategic Emerging Economies (2002–2023)

Author

Listed:
  • İlham Akdağ

    (Economic Department, Mardin Artuklu University, Mardin 47000, Türkiye)

Abstract

This study investigates the nexus between sustainable development indicators and economic growth across seven strategic emerging economies: China, Turkey, Brazil, Malaysia, Iran, Egypt, and Argentina, from the period 2002 to 2023. Utilizing panel data regression analysis, the Random Effects model was identified as the most appropriate estimation method based on rigorous statistical criteria. The empirical results reveal that R&D expenditures, health expenditures, the renewable energy share, and CO 2 emissions exert a positive and significant influence on GDP. In contrast, education expenditures were found to have a negative and statistically insignificant effect on growth. This study emphasizes the necessity of supporting vital sectors, such as agriculture and industry, while simultaneously adopting effective environmental policies to reduce emissions and ensure long-term sustainable development goals in the analyzed countries.

Suggested Citation

  • İlham Akdağ, 2026. "Sustainable Development Indicators and Economic Growth: Evidence from Seven Strategic Emerging Economies (2002–2023)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 18(3), pages 1-13, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:18:y:2026:i:3:p:1529-:d:1855977
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/18/3/1529/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/18/3/1529/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:18:y:2026:i:3:p:1529-:d:1855977. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    We have no bibliographic references for this item. You can help adding them by using this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.