The Governance Logic of Green Technology Diffusion Under Ecological Civilization: The Case of Formaldehyde-Free Biomass Adhesive Industrialization

Formaldehyde-based adhesives pose health and environmental risks that hinder sustainable development of the wood-based panel industry. To address the issue that “formaldehyde emissions endanger human health and ecological safety, constraining industry sustainability,” this study aims to promote the development and application of formaldehyde-free biomass-based adhesives. Centering on technological feasibility, policy compatibility, and governance effectiveness, this research adopts a multi-dimensional systems analysis method to systematically review global progress in research and industrial application of biomass-based formaldehyde-free adhesives. The results indicate the following: (1) biomass adhesives exhibit substantial potential in mechanical performance and ecological benefits; (2) their large-scale application faces obstacles including cost, performance stability, and insufficient policy coordination; and (3) building an integrated technology–policy–governance synergy framework is the key pathway to industrialization. This study provides scientific guidance for scaling up biomass adhesives and achieving ecological civilization goals.