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Performance Evaluation of Cross-Chain Systems Based on Notary Mechanism

Author

Listed:
  • Xingshuo Song

    (School of Economics and Management, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China)

  • Peng Chen

    (The International Institute for Innovative Design and Intelligent Manufacturing, Tianjin University, Shaoxing 312077, China)

  • Chengguo E

    (General Course Department, Hebei University of Environmental Engineering, Qinhuangdao 066004, China)

Abstract

The application of blockchain technology in large-scale sustainable scenarios requires advancement. Therefore, high-performance cross-chain infrastructure is essential for domains like green supply chain management and peer-to-peer renewable energy trading. This study proposes an integrated modeling framework, whose core innovation is the combination of Phase-Type (PH) distribution, the G I / P H / 1 queuing model, and quasi-birth-and-death (QBD) process theory to systematically describe the multi-stage service and dynamic interactions in a notary-based cross-chain system. This framework overcomes the limitations of traditional models that rely on oversimplified service assumptions. By utilizing matrix-analytic methods, it enables the precise quantification of key performance metrics, such as system throughput, response time, and rejection rate. This research provides a unified, scalable theoretical tool for cross-chain performance evaluation and establishes a methodological foundation for optimizing system resource allocation and sustainable infrastructure design.

Suggested Citation

  • Xingshuo Song & Peng Chen & Chengguo E, 2026. "Performance Evaluation of Cross-Chain Systems Based on Notary Mechanism," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 18(3), pages 1-24, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:18:y:2026:i:3:p:1389-:d:1852746
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