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The Role of the Biologist in Sustainable Aquaculture: Review of Contributions, Technologies and Emerging Challenges

Author

Listed:
  • Jordan I. Huanacuni

    (Campus Tacna, Universidad Tecnológica del Perú, Tacna 23004, Peru)

  • Renzo Pepe-Victoriano

    (Área de Biología Marina y Acuicultura, Facultad de Recursos Naturales Renovables, Universidad Arturo Prat, Avenida Arturo Prat 2120, Iquique 1110939, Chile
    Núcleo de Investigación Aplicada e Innovación en Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Recursos Naturales Renovables, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique 1110939, Chile)

  • Juan Zenon Resurrección-Huertas

    (Escuela de Ingeniería Acuícola, Facultad de Ingeniería Pesquera, Universidad Nacional José Faustino Sánchez Carrión, Huacho 15135, Peru)

  • Olger Acosta-Angulo

    (Escuela Profesional de Ingeniería Pesquera, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Arequipa 04000, Peru)

  • Luis Antonio Espinoza Ramos

    (Escuela Profesional de Ingeniería Pesquera, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Nacional Jorge Basadre Grohmann, Tacna 23001, Peru
    Grupo de Investigación Acuicultura Sostenible, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Nacional Jorge Basadre Grohmann, Tacna 23001, Peru)

Abstract

Aquaculture has grown rapidly worldwide and has become a key source of food and employment opportunities. However, its expansion faces environmental, health, reproductive, and technological challenges that threaten its long-term sustainability. In this context, biologists play a crucial role in promoting sustainable practices and integrated management of aquaculture systems. This article reviews their main contributions to animal health, genetic improvement, assisted reproduction, and resource conservation. They also highlight their leadership in applying advanced technologies, including biotechnology, nanotechnology, and genetic engineering. Moreover, this study explores emerging research trends and emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary training to address the evolving demands of the sector. This underscores the need to strengthen collaboration between science, technology, and public policy to ensure sustainable aquaculture. Enhancing the role of biologists is essential for overcoming current challenges and advancing efficient, ethical, and environmentally responsible aquaculture systems that meet global demand.

Suggested Citation

  • Jordan I. Huanacuni & Renzo Pepe-Victoriano & Juan Zenon Resurrección-Huertas & Olger Acosta-Angulo & Luis Antonio Espinoza Ramos, 2026. "The Role of the Biologist in Sustainable Aquaculture: Review of Contributions, Technologies and Emerging Challenges," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 18(3), pages 1-21, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:18:y:2026:i:3:p:1165-:d:1847357
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