Assessing New Energy Base Development: An Integrated Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis

To systematically assess the regional impacts of new-energy base (NEB) development, this study proposes a comprehensive evaluation model integrating the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP), Entropy Weight Method (EWM), and the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). A 26-indicator framework across environmental, technological, economic, and social (ETES) dimensions was constructed. Empirical analysis of representative cases was carried out using game-theoretic integration of FAHP and EWM to derive indicator weights. Furthermore, an obstacle degree model was employed to identify key constraints. Three representative NEBs in Xinjiang Province were selected for analysis, including a medium-scale wind-PV hybrid base (Case A), a large-scale PV project with standalone storage (Case B), and a wind power expansion project (Case C). The results validate the scientific robustness of the ETES framework, with combined weighting indicating that economic criteria hold the highest priority. The case assessments reveal that Case B attained the highest relative closeness in the TOPSIS ranking, whereas Cases A and C performed less favorably due to significant deviations from ideal indicator values. Obstacle analysis further identified distinct limiting factors. These findings offer a theoretical basis and practical insights for analogous renewable energy initiatives, particularly in regions facing complex sustainability trade-offs.