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Biomass Decomposition in Cacao-Based Agroforestry Systems

Author

Listed:
  • William Ballesteros_Possu

    (Department of Natural Resources and Agroforestry Systems, Universidad de Nariño, Ciudadela Universitaria Torobajo, San Juan de Pasto 520001, Nariño, Colombia)

  • Danny-Daniela Guerrero-Aguas

    (Bajo Mira Cacao Company, Tumaco 528518, Nariño, Colombia)

  • Darlin-Jazmin Cortes-Sinisterra

    (Independent Researcher, Tumaco 528518, Nariño, Colombia)

Abstract

Agroforestry systems enhance soil health and sustainability in tropical agriculture, yet nutrient dynamics in cacao-based systems remain underexplored. This study evaluated litter yield, decomposition rates, and nutrient release in three cacao ( Theobroma cacao L.) agroforestry arrangements in Tumaco, Colombia, using a randomized block design over 150 days. Litter yield was highest in the Cedrela odorata and T. cacao system (12,040.08 kg/ha) and lowest in the Carapa guianensis and T. cacao (3279.84 kg/ha). Decomposition rates were highest for C. guianensis (67.5%), followed by T. cacao (64%) and C. odorata (59.8%). Nutrient release followed the sequence Ca > N > Mg > K > P. Agroforestry systems improve soil fertility but require integrated nutrient management to meet cacao’s needs, contributing to sustainable agriculture aligned with SDG 2 and SDG 15.

Suggested Citation

  • William Ballesteros_Possu & Danny-Daniela Guerrero-Aguas & Darlin-Jazmin Cortes-Sinisterra, 2026. "Biomass Decomposition in Cacao-Based Agroforestry Systems," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 18(12), pages 1-19, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:18:y:2026:i:12:p:6175-:d:1968278
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