Establishment of a Sustainability-Oriented Health Evaluation System for New Energy Vehicles Based on Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process

The rapid expansion of the new energy vehicle (NEV) market underscores a critical gap in the absence of a scientific health evaluation method for official inspections and annual checks. To address this, our study develops a comprehensive and quantitative health calibration system tailored for four specific application scenarios: annual inspection, battery health assessment, maintenance, and used car evaluation. Utilizing the Delphi method and Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP), we propose a construction method for a hierarchical and quantitative evaluation system. For each scenario, an independent quantitative evaluation table is established, identifying key indicators through a combination of specific operational contexts and expert opinions. The FAHP is then applied to determine the precise weights of these selected indicators, yielding a clear weighting structure for health metrics across different scenarios. This work culminates in a quantitative evaluation methodology for the health degree of in-use NEVs. By extending vehicle service life, reducing premature battery degradation, and enhancing safety, the proposed system directly supports the sustainable development of the NEV industry. It contributes to resource conservation, lower environmental impact, and greater consumer trust in green transportation. The proposed system is significant for fostering the healthy development of the NEV industry, enhancing vehicle safety and reliability, promoting technological progress, and strengthening consumer purchase confidence.