A Dempster-Shafer Theory-Based Multi-Criteria Decision Model for Evaluating Sustainable Third-Party Logistics Providers

Selecting sustainable third-party logistics providers (3PLPs) is essential for enhancing competitiveness and sustainability performance. However, conventional approaches often fail to adequately capture sustainability dimensions and manage uncertainty arising from hesitant and incomplete information. To address these limitations, this study proposes a novel decision-making framework that extends the Triple Bottom Line by incorporating a technical dimension. The model integrates Dempster–Shafer theory for uncertainty modeling, Deng entropy for objective criteria weighting, Murphy’s combination rule for improved evidence aggregation, and the Combined Compromise Solution method for ranking. The core novelty lies in the unified integration of these techniques to simultaneously address uncertainty within a comprehensive evaluation framework. A case study, along with sensitivity and comparative analyses, demonstrates the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed approach, providing a reliable tool for sustainable 3PLP selection.