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The Impact of Industrial Structure and Economic Development on Environmental Quality: Evidence from Rural China

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  • Shushu Li

    (Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
    School of Public Policy and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China)

  • Yuchen Ding

    (Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
    School of Public Policy and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China)

  • Hua Shen

    (Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
    School of Public Policy and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China)

Abstract

Utilizing dynamic panel data from 29 Chinese regions (2012–2022) and a system GMM approach, this study investigates the nexus between industrial structure, economic development, and rural environmental quality. The findings indicate a U-shaped relationship for agriculture and real GDP per capita (supporting the EKC hypothesis), but an inverted U-shaped relationship for the secondary and tertiary industries. Additionally, a faster regional economic growth rate is significantly associated with better environmental quality, implying that economic growth has facilitated rural environmental improvement.

Suggested Citation

  • Shushu Li & Yuchen Ding & Hua Shen, 2025. "The Impact of Industrial Structure and Economic Development on Environmental Quality: Evidence from Rural China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 18(1), pages 1-18, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:18:y:2025:i:1:p:112-:d:1823636
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