End-to-End Modelling as a Non-Invasive Tool for Sustainable Risk Management After the Rupture of the Landslide Dam Along River Courses

Debris flows represent a significant geohydrological hazard, impacting the surrounding environment and threatening human settlements by altering ecological equilibria. The formation of temporary, often unstable, natural dams that obstruct normal river flow and create secondary flood risks poses a complex and prolonged threat to the sustainable management of water resources. Non-invasive risk assessment and analysis tools are therefore essential for addressing this challenge effectively. In this context, this study uses an end-to-end numerical modelling approach validated on an actual river obstructed in past by a debris flow. The simulation focused on sustainable risk management after the landslide dam rupture. This computational methodology is a non-invasive technology that provides a fundamental alternative to costly and environmentally invasive field techniques for assessing the risk of complex river systems. Two separate numerical simulations were carried out using the HEC-RAS code. The first simulation used the integrated sediment transport module to quantify the dynamics of solid material deposition and dilution. The second simulation modelled secondary flooding scenarios using the dam break simulation module. The aim of integrating these non-invasive simulations is to analyse the interaction between the river and debris accumulation, understand the river’s natural regeneration capacity and determine the hydraulic response to sudden dam failure. These results are essential for geohydrological risk assessment and mitigation, thereby improving the effectiveness of prevention measures and systemic resilience against landslides.