A Life-Cycle Cost Analysis on Photovoltaic (PV) Modules for Türkiye: The Case of Eskisehir’s Solar Market Transactions

Solar energy systems have increasingly replaced conventional energy systems, driving global efforts to combat climate change and promote sustainability. This study conducts a comprehensive life-cycle cost analysis (LCCA) of photovoltaic (PV) modules, with a focus on the solar market in Eskisehir, Türkiye. Unlike prior research, this work integrates financial analysis with ecological benefits, offering a localized case study. By leveraging primary data from surveys and government sources, the analyses display that investing in PV equipment generates €883.75 in Net Present Value (NPV) savings through the business-as-usual scenario (−€392 under the worst-case and €2350 under the optimistic scenarios) over a 30-year lifespan, demonstrating the financial viability of these systems. Despite high initial costs, PV modules provide ecological and economic advantages that outweigh maintenance expenses, making them a viable solution for reducing fossil fuel dependence. The findings serve as a guideline for decision-makers, consumers, and producers to foster a sustainable solar energy market in Türkiye and similar developing economies by enabling feasible PV investments through appropriate Feed-in tariff mechanisms.