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The ReSpool Fiber Research (RFR) Model: A Protocol for the Evaluation of Mechanically Recycled Textile Materials Towards “Second Life” Product Applications

Author

Listed:
  • Kelly Cobb

    (Department of Fashion and Apparel Studies, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA)

  • Huantian Cao

    (Department of Fashion and Apparel Studies, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA)

  • Michelle Yatvitskiy

    (Department of Fashion and Apparel Studies, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA)

  • Kendall Ludwig

    (Department of Fashion and Apparel Studies, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA)

  • Sophia Gupman

    (Department of Fashion and Apparel Studies, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA)

Abstract

Textile recycling promotes a circular economy, a system seeking to minimize waste and maximize the value of textiles by reusing them. Currently, mechanical recycling produces short, weak, and low-quality fibers that diminish the value of the textiles, resulting in downcycled products and loss of value. The Respool Fiber Research (RFR) model was developed from an examination of current practices, relevant literature, and apparel design and material selection models. Demonstrating the capabilities of mechanically recycled textiles in material development, the RFR model is intended for educators, research laboratories and design studios, product developers, and designers. The RFR model ventures beyond current models of textile recycling through its fiber-oriented approach to material development. To demonstrate the application of the RFR model as part of the development process, mechanically recycled cotton fibers and polyester fibers were used to develop yarns and nonwoven fabrics. The application of the RFR model demonstrated that the RFR model is valuable for selecting which recycled fibers are appropriate for different types of products.

Suggested Citation

  • Kelly Cobb & Huantian Cao & Michelle Yatvitskiy & Kendall Ludwig & Sophia Gupman, 2025. "The ReSpool Fiber Research (RFR) Model: A Protocol for the Evaluation of Mechanically Recycled Textile Materials Towards “Second Life” Product Applications," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(23), pages 1-13, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:17:y:2025:i:23:p:10753-:d:1807922
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