Competitiveness Evaluation Mechanism of Computing Power Centers from the Complex Systems Perspective Based on Chinese Data

In the era of digital economy, computing power centers, serving as core infrastructure that aggregates computing resources and supports digital transformation, have seen their competitiveness formation mechanism and evaluation methods become important research directions in the field of economics and management. Breaking away from fragmented analyses, this study, based on a complex systems perspective, dissects the formation mechanism of computing power center competitiveness and extracts key influencing factors. Utilizing the entropy weight-TOPSIS-gray correlation method, a fully quantifiable evaluation system for computing power center competitiveness is developed, effectively enhancing the practicality, reusability, and comparability of the evaluation approach. Through an empirical analysis of 35 computing power centers in China, the research found that computing power is the primary influencing factor of competitiveness and pointed out that due to different resource advantages, there are also significant differences in the competitiveness level and development path of computing power centers. Based on these findings, and centered on the dual-wheel drive of technology and cost, four development pathways for computing power centers are proposed: strengthening technological advantages, optimizing cost structures, implementing targeted government policies, and fostering industrial ecosystem synergy. This provides a methodological framework and policy toolkit for enhancing the competitiveness and achieving sustainable development of computing power centers in various countries and regions.