Port Sustainability and Probabilistic Assessment of Ship Moorings at Port Terminal Quays

The sustainability of a port is directly related to the time spent by ships in terminals and depends on the terminal, the technologies used in it, and external conditions. Currently used sustainable port terminal technologies allow a significant increase in the intensity of ship loading operations and, at the same time, shorten the time spent by ships at the quays. Since port construction processes take a lot of time, many ports have many quays every day that are not moored by ships. Ports try to attract passenger and cargo flows, but they are also not infinite. In individual port terminals, for example, container and Ro–Ro terminals, most of the time is spent on cargo processing inside the terminal, and only part of the time is spent on ship loading operations. Probabilistic assessment of ship mooring at quays allows an understanding of not only the optimal need for quays and modernization of their equipment, but at the same time for a more purposeful assessment of the possibilities of using quays, accepting diversification options and, therefore, optimizing the ports themselves as a sustainable port entity. The article presents a methodology for assessing berth occupancy focused on the development of a sustainable port based on probabilistic methods that would allow calculating potential berth occupancy. The developed methodology, compared to existing methodologies and models, allows for a more realistic assessment of the expected berth occupancy, using actual port and ship data. The presented theoretical and experimental research results confirm the suitability of the developed methodology for the development of a sustainable port and the possibilities of applying the developed methodology in any port, adapting it to specific port conditions.