IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v17y2025i19p8700-d1759630.html

COVID-19’s Impact on Türkiye’s Lemon Exports: Constant Market Share Decomposition (2015–2024)

Author

Listed:
  • Osman Doğan Bulut

    (Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, Igdır University, 76000 Iğdır, Türkiye)

Abstract

Türkiye’s role in the global lemon trade was evaluated using the Constant Market Share (CMS) method to assess changes in export competitiveness across major destination markets. The CMS framework decomposes export performance into three components—market share effect, commodity composition effect, and commodity adaptation effect—which, respectively, represent competitiveness, product–market alignment, and structural responsiveness. Trade data for the ten largest importing countries, representing over 80% of Türkiye’s lemon exports, were analyzed to identify the drivers of export growth and structural change. Results show a sharp decline in competitiveness during the COVID-19 disruption, followed by a partial recovery in markets such as Iraq, Poland, Russia, and Azerbaijan. Persistent structural rigidities were identified in several Eastern European and Gulf markets, indicating limited responsiveness to shifting import demand. The findings highlight the need for flexible production systems, improved alignment of export structures with market requirements, and strategic partnerships to sustain long-term competitiveness in the global citrus sector.

Suggested Citation

  • Osman Doğan Bulut, 2025. "COVID-19’s Impact on Türkiye’s Lemon Exports: Constant Market Share Decomposition (2015–2024)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(19), pages 1-16, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:17:y:2025:i:19:p:8700-:d:1759630
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/17/19/8700/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/17/19/8700/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Koen Deconinck & Ellie Avery & Lee Ann Jackson, 2020. "Food Supply Chains and Covid‐19: Impacts and Policy Lessons," EuroChoices, The Agricultural Economics Society, vol. 19(3), pages 34-39, December.
    2. Gary Gereffi, 2014. "Global value chains in a post-Washington Consensus world," Review of International Political Economy, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 21(1), pages 9-37, February.
    3. Hailing Fu & Chongli Huang & Zhuoqi Teng & Yuantao Fang & Lijun Pei, 2021. "Market Structure, International Competitiveness, and Price Formation of Hainan’s Fruit Exports," Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society, Hindawi, vol. 2021, pages 1-13, March.
    4. Domicio Cano-Espinosa & Jaciel Ramsés Méndez-León, 2025. "The Competitive Dynamics of Mexican Fresh Grapes in the U.S. Market," World, MDPI, vol. 6(1), pages 1-13, February.
    5. Maria de Fátima Oliveira & Pedro Reis, 2023. "Portuguese Agrifood Sector Resilience: An Analysis Using Structural Breaks Applied to International Trade," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-22, August.
    6. William Ridley & Sherzod B. Akhundjanov & Stephen Devadoss, 2023. "The COVID‐19 pandemic and trade in agricultural products," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 46(8), pages 2432-2455, August.
    7. Ahmadi-Esfahani, Fredoun Z., 1995. "Wheat market shares in the presence of Japanese import quotas," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, vol. 17(3), pages 315-323, June.
    8. H. Tyszynski, 1951. "World Trade in Manufactured Commodities, 1899‐19501," Manchester School, University of Manchester, vol. 19(3), pages 272-304, September.
    9. Karl Aiginger, 2000. "Specialisation of European Manufacturing," Austrian Economic Quarterly, WIFO, vol. 5(2), pages 81-92, May.
    10. Glauber, Joseph W. & Laborde Debucquet, David & Martin, Will & Vos, Rob, 2020. "COVID-19: Trade restrictions are worst possible response to safeguard food security," IFPRI book chapters, in: COVID-19 and global food security, chapter 14, pages 66-68, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
    11. Vasilii Erokhin & Tianming Gao, 2020. "Impacts of COVID-19 on Trade and Economic Aspects of Food Security: Evidence from 45 Developing Countries," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(16), pages 1-28, August.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Brenda Cardoso & Luiza Cunha & Adriana Leiras & Paulo Gonçalves & Hugo Yoshizaki & Irineu de Brito Junior & Frederico Pedroso, 2021. "Causal Impacts of Epidemics and Pandemics on Food Supply Chains: A Systematic Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(17), pages 1-28, August.
    2. Liu, Yan & Shi, Xunpeng & Laurenceson, James, 2020. "Dynamics of Australia's LNG export performance: A modified constant market shares analysis," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 89(C).
    3. Ten Brink, Tobias & Butollo, Florian, 2018. "A great leap? Domestic market growth and local state support in the upgrading of China's LED lighting industry," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 18(2), pages 285-306.
    4. Ayako Ebata & Hayley MacGregor & Michael Loevinsohn & Khine Su Win & Alexander W. Tucker, 0. "Value Chain Governance, Power and Negative Externalities: What Influences Efforts to Control Pig Diseases in Myanmar?," The European Journal of Development Research, Palgrave Macmillan;European Association of Development Research and Training Institutes (EADI), vol. 0, pages 1-22.
    5. Stefan Pahl & Marcel P. Timmer, 2020. "Do Global Value Chains Enhance Economic Upgrading? A Long View," Journal of Development Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 56(9), pages 1683-1705, July.
    6. Rizwan Ahmed, 2023. "Impact of Shortfall in Daily Wages on Food Insecurity Leading Towards Depression in Punjab's Urban Laborers During COVID-19," Magna Carta: Contemporary Social Science, 50sea, vol. 2(1), pages 44-54, March.
    7. Ștefan Cristian Gherghina & Daniel Ștefan Armeanu & Camelia Cătălina Joldeș, 2020. "Stock Market Reactions to COVID-19 Pandemic Outbreak: Quantitative Evidence from ARDL Bounds Tests and Granger Causality Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(18), pages 1-35, September.
    8. White, David J. & Hubacek, Klaus & Feng, Kuishuang & Sun, Laixiang & Meng, Bo, 2018. "The Water-Energy-Food Nexus in East Asia: A tele-connected value chain analysis using inter-regional input-output analysis," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 210(C), pages 550-567.
    9. Maria Tsiapa, 2014. "Industrial Concentration Patterns of the European Union," SCIENZE REGIONALI, FrancoAngeli Editore, vol. 2014(3), pages 5-33.
    10. Sónia Cabral, 2004. "Recent Evolution of Portuguese Export Market Shares in the European Union," Economic Bulletin and Financial Stability Report Articles and Banco de Portugal Economic Studies, Banco de Portugal, Economics and Research Department.
    11. Anna-Mara Schön & Marita Böhringer, 2023. "Land Consumption for Current Diets Compared with That for the Planetary Health Diet—How Many People Can Our Land Feed?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-35, May.
    12. Yufei Cao & Salem Hamad Aldawsari & Maria Luiza Hrestic & Raul Adrian Lile & Cristina Baldan & Daniela Mihai & Marinela Barbulescu Tanascovici & Malik Shahzad Shabbir, 2025. "Does the Green Economy Influence Environmental Sustainability? Nexus Between Staple Food Crops Consumption and Total Factor Productivity," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 16(1), pages 2800-2816, March.
    13. Donatella Saccone, 2021. "Can the Covid19 pandemic affect the achievement of the ‘Zero Hunger’ goal? Some preliminary reflections," The European Journal of Health Economics, Springer;Deutsche Gesellschaft für Gesundheitsökonomie (DGGÖ), vol. 22(7), pages 1025-1038, September.
    14. Rafael Granillo-Macías & Héctor Rivera-Gómez & Isidro Jesús González-Hernández & Francisca Santana-Robles, 2024. "Reconfiguration of Agrifood Supply Chain Management in Latin America during COVID-19: A Brief Literature Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-22, April.
    15. Bojnec, Stefan & Fertő, Imre, 2014. "Agri-food exports from European Union Member States using constant market share analysis," Studies in Agricultural Economics, Research Institute for Agricultural Economics, vol. 116(2), pages 1-5, August.
    16. Natalia Vechiu & Farid Makhlouf, 2011. "Economic Integration and Productive Specialization in the EU27: does FDI influence Countries’ Specialization?," Working papers of CATT hal-01885158, HAL.
    17. Kumar, K. Nirmal Ravi, . "Competitiveness of Indian Agricultural Exports: A Constant Market Share Analysis," Research on World Agricultural Economy, Nan Yang Academy of Sciences Pte Ltd (NASS), vol. 3(2).
    18. repec:hal:cepnwp:hal-01368948 is not listed on IDEAS
    19. Tong Zhao & Zhijie Song & Tianjiao Li, 2018. "Effect of innovation capacity, production capacity and vertical specialization on innovation performance in China's electronic manufacturing: Analysis from the supply and demand sides," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(7), pages 1-23, July.
    20. Romero, Jaime & Cruz-Roche, Ignacio & Charron, Jean-Philippe, 2020. "The myth of price convergence under economic integration: A proposed explanation for the difference in food prices across European countries," European Management Journal, Elsevier, vol. 38(2), pages 267-276.
    21. Henry Wai-chung Yeung & Neil M. Coe, 2015. "Toward a Dynamic Theory of Global Production Networks," Economic Geography, Clark University, vol. 91(1), pages 29-58, January.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:17:y:2025:i:19:p:8700-:d:1759630. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.