A Novel Collaborative Method to Integrate Carbon Efficiency into Multi-Equipment Operational Coupling for Smart Manufacturing System

In the context of carbon neutrality and smart manufacturing, balancing the challenge of carbon and operational efficiency has become a hotspot issue. However, within the specific stage of multi-equipment collaborative manufacturing operational coupling in the production process, multi-state characteristics of equipment operation, multidependencies among operational states, the multi-source of carbon emissions, and spatiotemporal sequence coupling raise the dynamics and complexity of carbon emission modeling and carbon efficiency evaluation. Therefore, a novel methodology to integrate carbon efficiency into a multi-equipment collaboration manufacturing service cell (MECMfg-SC) is proposed in this paper. The stage of multi-equipment collaboration manufacturing operational coupling (MECMfg-OC) in the process of multi-equipment collaboration manufacturing is presented and explained. Then, the operational coupling energy consumption model is constructed based on the MECMfg-OC. The environmental cost performance indicators for smart manufacturing systems, including energy efficiency evaluation (EEe) indicators and carbon efficiency evaluation (CEe) indicators, are proposed. At last, a ball screw smart workshop in a leading Chinese NEV enterprise is introduced to verify the proposed approach. Empirical results confirm the approach’s effectiveness and practical viability.